What are RFID tags and how do they work?
RFID is the acronym for radio-frequency identification which uses electromagnetic fields to automatically identify, read and track RFID tags integrated with objects, livestock, animals and even human beings.
RFID tags are memory devices on which multiple information is electronically stored on a built-in RFID chip in form of bits and bytes. They come in different sizes, forms and radio frequencies, such as LF (low frequency), HF (high frequency) and UHF (ultra-high frequency) tags.
RFID tags consist of an integrated circuit (RFID chip or simply IC) that stores and processes the data and an antenna for communication with a reading device – the RFID reader or also called RFID interrogator.
RFID is an Automatic Identification and Data Capture (AIDC) technology that employs radio-frequency waves for data communication between an electronic tag – the RFID tag – and the RFID reader. This environment is commonly referred to as RFID system.
The RFID reader sends a signal to the RFID chip which then responses to the signal and transmits the information electronically stored on it.
There are three main types of RFID tags:
– Passive RFID tags: have no built-in battery and are activated and powered by radio energy waves when communication with an RFID reader is initiated.
– Active RFID tags: are powered by a built-in battery and periodically transmit signals that are then intercepted and read by an RFID reader.
– Battery-Assisted Passive (BAP) RFID tags: are powered by a small built-in battery and are activated when a related RFID reader is nearby.
Using RFID tags in solar modules is a relatively new development and method to keep track on the origin and technical performance of individual modules, facilitate replacements and in this regard also insurance and warranty handling.
Being a new trend yet uncommon to many in the solar industry, international product standards and trade regimes still largely ignore RFID tags.
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