Oversizing a PV array, also referred to as over-sizing a PV inverter, involves installing a PV array with a rated DC power (measured @ Standard Test Conditions) which is larger than an inverter’s rated AC output power (i.e. DC @ STC > AC). It can be a valuable tool for system designers seeking to deliver a maximum amount of energy at a lowest possible specific cost.
Regarding the construction of photovoltaic systems and the Reasons for oversizing PV arrays is,
1- high DC: AC over-sizing ratios can increase system utilization.
2- reduce the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE).
3- improve economic rates of return.
4- Achieve favorable energy output when installing inverters in limited space.
5- Maximize the value of daytime energy to the system owner.
At the same time, high over-sizing ratios place heavier burdens on the operation of an inverter therefore the quality and design of the inverters is an important factor for determining the best inverter product. In the selection of the optimal over-sizing ratio, there are also many environmental factors that affect the designer’s decision.
How the PV Inverter deal with oversizing ratio?!
With DC/AC ratio more than 1 and under sufficient sunlight, if the power generated by the PV array is greater than the rated maximum output power of the inverter. At this time, the inverter will limit the current in the system to the maximum rated value therefore the DC voltage will increase accordingly. In this scenario, the system output is limited to the rated maximum output of the inverter and the potential production capacity of the oversized portion will be lost.
In conclusion, while oversizing ratios offer significant benefits in maximizing energy output and cost efficiency in PV systems, careful consideration of inverter quality, environmental factors, and system design is essential to effectively manage the balance between performance optimization and operational limitations.
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